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Shoulder Replacement In Singapore
Shoulder replacement surgery is a procedure used to treat chronic shoulder pain and restore mobility in individuals with severe shoulder damage. Common causes include arthritis, rotator cuff injuries, fractures, or degenerative joint diseases that impair the shoulder’s function. It is recommended when non-surgical treatments, such as physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, or steroid injections, fail to provide relief. The surgery involves replacing damaged joint components with prosthetic parts to improve mobility and reduce pain.
Dr Dennis Ng Zhaowen
Indications |
Benefits |
Types |
Preparation |
Procedure |
Recovery |
Risks |
FAQ
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Indications for Shoulder Replacement
Shoulder replacement may be appropriate for individuals with:
- Severe Arthritis - This includes osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and post-traumatic arthritis. While the causes differ, these conditions result in joint damage, pain, and stiffness that may necessitate shoulder replacement when conservative treatments are ineffective.
- Rotator Cuff Arthropathy - Long-standing rotator cuff tears can lead to joint damage and instability. In cases where the rotator cuff muscles are irreparably damaged, reverse shoulder replacement is performed to restore function.
- Fractures or Trauma - Severe fractures that cause extensive joint damage may require shoulder replacement, particularly if the joint cannot heal adequately through other methods.
- Avascular Necrosis (Osteonecrosis) - Avascular necrosis occurs when the blood supply to the bone is disrupted, causing tissue death. If the humeral head collapses, shoulder replacement may be necessary to restore joint function.
- Chronic Shoulder Pain and Loss of Mobility - Persistent pain and stiffness that interfere with daily activities, despite non-surgical treatments, may indicate the need for shoulder replacement.
- Failed Previous Shoulder Surgery - Patients who have had unsuccessful shoulder surgeries, such as rotator cuff repairs, may require shoulder replacement to restore function and alleviate ongoing pain.
Benefits of Shoulder Replacement
Shoulder replacement surgery in Singapore offers several benefits, including:
- Pain Relief: Patients often experience immediate pain relief after surgery, allowing them to perform daily tasks more comfortably.
- Improved Mobility: Replacing damaged joint components restores range of motion, enabling patients to engage in a more active lifestyle.
- Long-Lasting Results: Modern shoulder prostheses are designed to be durable, often providing relief and function for many years.
- Correction of Deformity: For patients with shoulder deformities due to trauma or degenerative diseases, shoulder replacement can restore the normal alignment and function of the joint.
Types of Shoulder Replacement
Various shoulder replacement procedures are available, each addressing different shoulder conditions. The procedure is chosen based on the patient’s condition, ensuring it meets their specific needs.
Total Shoulder Replacement
Involves replacing both the ball (humeral head) and socket (glenoid) of the shoulder joint. This option is suitable for patients with severe arthritis or extensive joint damage.
Partial Shoulder Replacement (Hemiarthroplasty)
Only the ball of the joint is replaced. This procedure may be considered when the socket remains intact or the damage is isolated to the humeral head.
Reverse Shoulder Replacement
Suitable for patients with severe rotator cuff damage. It reverses the ball and socket positions, allowing other muscles to compensate for the lost rotator cuff function, improving stability and movement.
Preparation For Shoulder Replacement In Singapore
Before shoulder replacement surgery, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted to ensure the patient is prepared and the procedure is well-planned. This typically includes:
- Medical Assessment
A thorough review of the patient’s overall health is conducted to confirm they are fit for surgery. This includes blood tests, heart monitoring, and a review of any current medical conditions that could impact the surgery or recovery. - Imaging Tests
Detailed imaging assesses the extent of joint damage. X-rays show the bone structure, aiding in the selection of appropriate prosthetic components, while MRI scans capture detailed images of soft tissues, such as cartilage, ligaments, and the rotator cuff. - Medication Adjustment
Certain medications may need to be paused or adjusted before surgery. Blood thinners may be temporarily discontinued to prevent excessive bleeding during the procedure. - Fasting
Fasting ensures a safe procedure under anaesthesia by reducing the risk of complications, such as aspiration. Patients are usually instructed to stop eating and drinking 8-12 hours before surgery.
Step-by-Step Procedure
Shoulder replacement surgery typically involves the following steps:
Anaesthesia
The patient is placed under general anaesthesia to ensure they remain unconscious and comfortable throughout the procedure.
Incision
A surgical incision is made over the front or top of the shoulder, allowing the surgeon access to the joint. The size and location of the incision depend on the type of shoulder replacement being performed.
Removal of Damaged Components
The surgeon carefully removes the damaged portions of the shoulder joint, including the worn-out or diseased parts of the humeral head (ball) and, if necessary, the glenoid (socket). This step ensures that the joint is ready for the placement of the prosthetic components.
Implant Placement
The new prosthetic components, typically made of metal and plastic, are inserted into the joint. The humeral head is replaced with a metal ball, and if the socket is damaged, it may be lined with a plastic cup to create a smooth, functional joint. These components are securely fitted to restore stability and mobility to the shoulder.
Closure
Once the prosthetic components are in place, the incision is closed using sutures or staples. A sterile dressing is applied to protect the wound.
Post-Surgical Care and Recovery
Recovery after shoulder replacement surgery is structured to ensure optimal healing and restore shoulder function. The process includes:
Immediate Post-Operative Care
After surgery, patients are closely monitored in a recovery room for several hours. Pain medications are provided to control discomfort. Early movement, such as gentle shoulder exercises, is encouraged to reduce stiffness and promote circulation, helping to prevent complications like blood clots.
Physical Therapy
Rehabilitation begins soon after surgery, typically within the first few days. A personalised physical therapy plan focuses on gradually restoring the shoulder range of motion and increasing strength. The exercises will progress over time as the shoulder heals, to improve flexibility and function.
Long-Term Recovery
Most patients can resume light activities, such as basic self-care and desk work, within 2-3 weeks. More strenuous activities, including heavy lifting or sports, are usually resumed after 3-6 months, depending on the patient’s progress. Regular follow-up appointments ensure that recovery is on track and that any concerns are addressed promptly.
Potential Risks and Complications
While shoulder replacement surgery is generally safe, potential risks include infection at the surgical site, dislocation or loosening of the prosthesis, nerve damage causing weakness or numbness, and blood clots in the arm or shoulder. Specialised techniques and thorough post-operative care help minimise these risks and support a successful recovery.
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Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre
38 Irrawaddy Road #08-41
Singapore 329563
Monday – Friday: 9am – 1pm; 2pm – 5pm
Saturday: 9am – 1pm
Sunday & PH: CLOSED
Other Clinic Location
Gleneagles Medical Center
6 Napier Road #07-15
Singapore 258499
Monday – Friday: 9am – 1pm; 2pm – 5pm
Saturday: 9am – 1pm
Sunday & PH: CLOSED
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How long does shoulder replacement surgery take?
The surgery usually takes 2-3 hours, depending on the type of procedure (total, partial, or reverse shoulder replacement) and the complexity of the joint damage.
What is the expected hospital stay after surgery?
Most patients remain in the hospital for 1-3 days to monitor recovery, manage pain, and begin early rehabilitation exercises. During this time, specialists assess mobility and ensure the patient is ready to continue recovery at home.
How long does the prosthesis last?
Modern shoulder prostheses are built to be durable and typically last 10-20 years. However, the lifespan can vary based on factors like the patient’s activity levels, the type of implant used, and how well the shoulder is maintained during recovery and beyond.