Elbow Fracture Fixation

Metal plates are attached to the bone surface using screws. This technique provides strong stability for complex fractures and allows anatomical reconstruction of the joint surface. The surgeon places the plate along the bone’s length, securing it with multiple screws above and below the fracture site.

A metal rod is inserted into the bone’s canal to provide internal support. The nail spans the fracture site and is secured with screws at both ends. This method works well for shaft fractures of the humerus and provides good stability while being less invasive than plating.

Pins or wires are inserted through the skin into the bone and connected to an external frame. This method suits open fractures or severe soft tissue injuries where internal fixation may increase infection risk. The frame can be adjusted to maintain alignment during healing.

General anaesthesia is typically used, ensuring the patient remains sedated and pain-free throughout the procedure. Vital signs are continuously monitored to maintain stability.

An incision is made over the fracture site, with precise care taken to avoid damage to surrounding nerves, blood vessels, and soft tissues. The surgical approach is determined by the fracture’s location and the specific fixation technique chosen.

The surgeon manipulates and repositions the bone fragments to restore their natural alignment. Intraoperative X-ray or fluoroscopy imaging is used to verify the correct positioning of the fragments before moving forward with fixation.

The selected fixation method, such as plate and screw fixation or intramedullary nailing, is used to stabilise the fracture. The surgeon ensures the fragments are securely held in place, and additional imaging confirms the proper placement of the implants and alignment of the bone.

The surgical area is thoroughly cleaned to reduce the risk of infection. The incision is then closed layer by layer, ensuring proper approximation of the tissues. A sterile dressing is applied to the wound, and a splint may be placed to protect the elbow and maintain immobilisation.

After surgery, pain management begins with prescribed medications to control discomfort. The arm is kept elevated to minimise swelling. Circulation, sensation, and movement in the fingers are closely monitored to ensure proper blood flow and nerve function.

Physical therapy usually begins within the first few weeks. Initial exercises are mild, aiming to preserve mobility while avoiding stress on the healing fracture. A protective splint or brace is commonly used between sessions to keep the elbow stable and aid recovery.

As healing progresses, a structured rehabilitation programme is implemented, gradually incorporating more advanced exercises. These exercises aim to restore the range of motion, rebuild muscle strength, and improve overall joint function. The plan is tailored to the patient’s recovery pace, ensuring steady but safe improvement.