Partial Knee Replacement

This condition affects the inner part of the knee, causing wear and tear in that specific area. PKR focuses on replacing the damaged medial compartment while preserving the surrounding healthy structures.

Affecting the outer side of the knee joint, lateral compartment osteoarthritis leads to pain and instability in that region. PKR effectively addresses this by replacing only the damaged lateral compartment.

This type of osteoarthritis occurs behind the kneecap and can significantly affect movement, particularly when bending or climbing stairs. PKR addresses this by focusing on the patellofemoral compartment, replacing the damaged area while leaving the rest of the knee untouched.

A thorough medical evaluation is necessary to ensure the patient is a suitable candidate for partial knee replacement. This includes blood tests and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI scans to provide detailed views of the knee joint. These diagnostic tools not only confirm the extent of damage but also help plan the procedure, ensuring optimal outcomes and minimizing potential risks.

Inform your surgeon about all current medications, supplements, and allergies. Certain medications, especially blood thinners, may need to be adjusted or discontinued a few days before surgery to reduce the risk of complications.

Patients are typically required to fast, starting at midnight before the day of surgery. This means no food, drink, or even water to reduce the risk of complications, such as aspiration (when food or liquid enters the lungs) during anaesthesia.

The patient is administered either general or spinal anaesthesia to ensure they remain pain-free and comfortable throughout the procedure. General anaesthesia puts the patient fully asleep, while spinal anaesthesia numbs the lower body, keeping the patient awake but pain-free. Sedation may also be used to help the patient relax.

A small incision is made over the affected compartment of the knee. The surgeon carefully removes the damaged cartilage and bone from the affected compartment and replaces it with a prosthetic implant designed to mimic the natural function of the knee.

Using specialised instruments, the surgeon prepares the bone for the prosthetic implant, ensuring a precise fit. The new implant, typically made of metal and plastic components, is then placed and secured within the joint to facilitate smooth movement.

Once the implant is in place, the surgeon moves the knee through its range of motion to confirm proper alignment and stability. Any necessary adjustments are made to ensure the joint operates comfortably and smoothly.

After confirming proper alignment and stability, the incision is closed with sutures or staples, and a sterile bandage is applied to protect the surgical site. In some cases, drainage tubes may be placed temporarily to remove excess fluid from the surgical area.

Discomfort is common after surgery, especially in the first few days, and can be managed with prescribed pain medication. As pain decreases, patients can switch to over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen. Ice therapy and keeping the knee elevated will also help reduce pain and swelling during the recovery period.

The surgical incision must be kept clean and dry to prevent infection. Follow your surgeon’s specific guidelines for changing bandages and monitoring the incision. Any signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or unusual discharge, should be reported immediately for prompt treatment.

Patients should avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for several weeks after surgery. Light activities, such as walking with the aid of crutches or a walker, are encouraged to promote blood circulation. Gentle range-of-motion exercises may be introduced to prevent stiffness and maintain flexibility in the knee.

Physical therapy is necessary for recovery after partial knee replacement. It starts with gentle exercises to restore range of motion and gradually progresses to strengthening exercises. Your physiotherapist will guide you through each phase, ensuring you do not place excessive strain on the knee in the early stages.

Between weeks 4 and 6, moderate activities, like walking and light stretching, may resume, but high-impact exercises should still be avoided. A full return to more strenuous activities, including sports or intense physical exercise, usually occurs after 6 weeks, once cleared by your specialist.

Regular follow-up appointments will be necessary to monitor progress, adjust your recovery plan, and ensure proper healing.