Shoulder Fracture Fixation

This method is used for fractures with significant bone displacement or fragmentation. The surgeon repositions the bones and secures them with plates, screws, or rods to maintain alignment. ORIF provides the most precise alignment necessary for proper joint function.

Some fractures can be treated using arthroscopic-assisted fixation, involving smaller incisions and specialised tools. This method results in faster recovery and less post-operative scarring compared to traditional open surgery.

For fractures involving the humeral shaft, a metal rod is inserted into the bone canal to stabilise the fracture from within. Intramedullary nailing is effective for long bone fractures with minimal soft tissue damage.

General anaesthesia ensures the patient is unconscious and comfortable throughout the procedure. In some cases, a regional nerve block may also be provided to manage post-operative pain.

The surgeon makes an incision based on the location and severity of the fracture. For open surgery, a larger incision is made to fully expose the fractured bones, providing better access for complex repairs. In minimally invasive techniques, smaller incisions are used with the help of an arthroscope (a small camera), reducing tissue damage and post-operative scarring.

The fractured bones are carefully repositioned back to their original alignment to ensure proper healing and avoid complications such as malunion (misaligned healing), which can impair shoulder function.

Once aligned, the bones are stabilised using plates, screws, rods, or nails to maintain their position during the healing process. The choice of hardware depends on the location and complexity of the fracture.

After the bones are stabilised, the surgeon closes the incision with sutures or staples to promote proper healing. A sterile dressing is applied to prevent infection, and the shoulder is immobilised using a sling or brace. Immobilisation helps prevent movement that could disrupt the repair and allows the bones to heal effectively.

After surgery, the patient will be monitored in a recovery room to ensure stable vital signs and manage immediate pain. Pain relief may be provided through prescribed medications, including painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. Patients are usually discharged within 1 to 2 days, depending on their recovery progress.

Physical therapy begins within 1 to 2 weeks after surgery, starting with gentle range-of-motion exercises to prevent stiffness. As healing progresses, strength training exercises are added to restore muscle function and improve shoulder mobility. Regular sessions are essential for avoiding long-term stiffness and regaining full shoulder function.

Full recovery from shoulder fracture fixation can take 6 to 12 weeks or longer, depending on the complexity of the fracture and the patient’s adherence to their rehabilitation plan. Follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor healing through imaging tests and ensure the fixation hardware remains stable. Returning to work, sports, or strenuous activities will be based on recovery progress, with gradual reintroduction advised to prevent re-injury.